The Western Cape Department of Health and Wellness is urging parents to be alert to the warning signs of childhood cancer and to seek medical help without delay.

Hospitals, including Tygerberg Hospital and Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, stress that early detection dramatically increases survival rates.

Paediatric Oncologist Anel van Zyl from Tygerberg Hospital says brain tumours and leukaemia are among the most common childhood cancers and respond well to treatment if caught early.

“Parents should be alert to persistent symptoms such as a white spots in the eye, new squints or bulging eyes, any lumps or swelling anywhere on the body must be investigated, unexplained fevers of more than two weeks and weight loss is also common symptoms.”

Meanwhile Professor Alan Davidson, Head of the Haematology and Oncology at Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, emphasises the importance of awareness.

“Early recognition allows for quicker diagnosis and better outcomes. While some symptoms may resemble common childhood illnesses, prompt investigation is essential.”

Paediatric Cancer in South Africa

In the Cape Town, approximately 100 children under the age of 15 are diagnosed with cancer each year. While overall childhood cancer incidence has remained relatively stable over time, absolute case numbers continue to rise in line with population growth. Certain cancers, including acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, have shown increases within specific population groups, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and targeted research.

Unlike adult cancers, childhood cancers are rare. This rarity increases the risk of delayed diagnosis, as early symptoms often mimic common childhood illnesses such as infections, growing pains, or fatigue. Delays in referral can significantly affect treatment complexity, survival rates, and long-term outcomes.